INFRASTRUCTURE VALUATION LAID BARE
INFRASTRUCTURE VALUATION LAID BARE
Discussion with Matteo Botto Poala — Talking about Infrastructure investing and in particular how to determine the purchase price for these investments.The Alternative Private Equity Dictionary

The Alternative Private Equity Dictionary
Rocket Science and Private Equity have one big common point. 99.9% of the
people listening to a conversation between people in these fields would have no
clue what is being said.
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View more detailsRocket Science and Private Equity have one big common point. 99.9% of the
people listening to a conversation between people in these fields would have no
clue what is being said.
Delisted Stock
What Happens When a Stock You Own Is Delisted?
Acid-Test Ratio

Acid-Test Ratio
The acid-test ratio uses a firm's balance sheet data as an indicator of whether it has sufficient short-term assets to cover its short-term liabilities.
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View more detailsThe acid-test ratio uses a firm's balance sheet data as an indicator of whether it has sufficient short-term assets to cover its short-term liabilities.
M6 Toll, United Kingdom

M6 Toll, United Kingdom
It is the first and only highway/motorway project under tolls within the UK PPP program (Except for major bridges).
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View more detailsIt is the first and only highway/motorway project under tolls within the UK PPP program (Except for major bridges).
EBITDA

EBITDA
EBITDA: Earnings Before I Trick the Dumb Accountant, but formally defined as Earnings
Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization. It is a measure of the underlying
earnings of the business; calculated as Revenue Expenses (excluding tax, interest,
depreciation, and amortization). EBITDA is an important measure because it looks at
underlying earnings, before financing costs and accounting adjustments such as
depreciation and amortization. Prices of loans and companies are often expressed as a
function of that figure. Hence, your EBITDA is big deal. Note an important finance gravity
rule: An EBITDA always steadily goes up over ti me in a management presentation.
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View more detailsEBITDA: Earnings Before I Trick the Dumb Accountant, but formally defined as Earnings
Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization. It is a measure of the underlying
earnings of the business; calculated as Revenue Expenses (excluding tax, interest,
depreciation, and amortization). EBITDA is an important measure because it looks at
underlying earnings, before financing costs and accounting adjustments such as
depreciation and amortization. Prices of loans and companies are often expressed as a
function of that figure. Hence, your EBITDA is big deal. Note an important finance gravity
rule: An EBITDA always steadily goes up over ti me in a management presentation.
City Fibre

City Fibre
CityFibre is the UK’s largest alternative provider of wholesale fibre network infrastructure and the builder of Gigabit Cities. With network projects in over 60 cities and construction underway to reach up to 8 million homes, CityFibre is future-proofing the UK
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View more detailsCityFibre is the UK’s largest alternative provider of wholesale fibre network infrastructure and the builder of Gigabit Cities. With network projects in over 60 cities and construction underway to reach up to 8 million homes, CityFibre is future-proofing the UK
Capital Expenditure (CapEx)

Capital Expenditure (CapEx)
Capex: Short for capital expenditures Treated differently from ordinary operating expenses in company accounts. Critical for calculating a company’s Free Cash Flow (an important
the number for valuation) See capitalization.
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View more detailsCapex: Short for capital expenditures Treated differently from ordinary operating expenses in company accounts. Critical for calculating a company’s Free Cash Flow (an important
the number for valuation) See capitalization.
Endesa

Endesa
We want to promote the transition to a sustainable business model that combines competitiveness, innovation and sustainability.
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View more detailsWe want to promote the transition to a sustainable business model that combines competitiveness, innovation and sustainability.
Redexis

Redexis
We are an integrated energy infrastructure company that is active in the development and operation of networks for the transmission and distribution of natural gas, the distribution and sale of liquefied petroleum gas and the promotion of new gas-powered mobility infrastructure, renewable gas and hydrogen.
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View more detailsWe are an integrated energy infrastructure company that is active in the development and operation of networks for the transmission and distribution of natural gas, the distribution and sale of liquefied petroleum gas and the promotion of new gas-powered mobility infrastructure, renewable gas and hydrogen.
perpetual annuity

perpetual annuity
A perpetuity is a security that pays for an infinite amount of time. In finance, perpetuity is a constant stream of identical cash flows with no end.
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View more detailsA perpetuity is a security that pays for an infinite amount of time. In finance, perpetuity is a constant stream of identical cash flows with no end.
internal rate of return

internal rate of return
A widely used measure of investment performance. Internal Rate of Return is the
discount rate at which future cash flows, discounted back to the present, equal the purchase
price. Implicitly, IRR assumes that every distribution that is received is reinvested at that IRR.
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View more detailsA widely used measure of investment performance. Internal Rate of Return is the
discount rate at which future cash flows, discounted back to the present, equal the purchase
price. Implicitly, IRR assumes that every distribution that is received is reinvested at that IRR.
Greenfield vs. Brownfield

Greenfield vs. Brownfield
Greenfield and brownfield investments are two types of foreign direct investment. With greenfield investing, a company will build its own, brand new facilities from the ground up.
Brownfield investment happens when a company purchases or leases an existing facility.
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View more detailsGreenfield and brownfield investments are two types of foreign direct investment. With greenfield investing, a company will build its own, brand new facilities from the ground up.
Brownfield investment happens when a company purchases or leases an existing facility.
yield curve

yield curve
A yield curve is a line that plots yields (interest rates) of bonds having equal credit quality but differing maturity dates.
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View more detailsA yield curve is a line that plots yields (interest rates) of bonds having equal credit quality but differing maturity dates.
venture capital

venture capital
Venture capital is a form of private equity and a type of financing that investors provide to startup companies and small businesses that are believed to have long-term growth potential.
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View more detailsVenture capital is a form of private equity and a type of financing that investors provide to startup companies and small businesses that are believed to have long-term growth potential.
exit value

exit value
A measure of value that represents the value obtained (i.e., the price received) from selling an asset (or broadly an economic resource) or the value surrendered (i.e., the price paid) upon transferring a liability all in an exchange-like transaction, and net of selling/ disposal costs.
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View more detailsA measure of value that represents the value obtained (i.e., the price received) from selling an asset (or broadly an economic resource) or the value surrendered (i.e., the price paid) upon transferring a liability all in an exchange-like transaction, and net of selling/ disposal costs.
leveraged buyout

leveraged buyout
Leveraged Buyout (LBO): A takeover of a company, using a high proportion of borrowed
funds. Generally, the target company assets act as the collateral for the loans taken out by
the acquiring group. The acquiring group then repays the loan from the cash flow of the
acquired company. For example, a group of investors may borrow funds, using the asset o a
company as collateral, in order to take over the company. Or the management of the company may use this vehicle as means to gain control of the company..
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View more detailsLeveraged Buyout (LBO): A takeover of a company, using a high proportion of borrowed
funds. Generally, the target company assets act as the collateral for the loans taken out by
the acquiring group. The acquiring group then repays the loan from the cash flow of the
acquired company. For example, a group of investors may borrow funds, using the asset o a
company as collateral, in order to take over the company. Or the management of the company may use this vehicle as means to gain control of the company..
discounted cash flow DCF

discounted cash flow DCF
DCF: Discounted Cash Flow but mean people say it stands for Deceit by Computer Fraud seemingly highly scientific but rather unreliable method of valuing companies. A good exercise to do anyway as a sanity check. Works better when future cash flows are easier to
predict (e.g. for core real estate or infrastructure).
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View more detailsDCF: Discounted Cash Flow but mean people say it stands for Deceit by Computer Fraud seemingly highly scientific but rather unreliable method of valuing companies. A good exercise to do anyway as a sanity check. Works better when future cash flows are easier to
predict (e.g. for core real estate or infrastructure).
Four Categories of Risk & Reward

Four Categories of Risk & Reward
Within private equity real estate, assets are typically grouped into four primary strategy categories based on investment strategy and perceived risk.
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View more detailsWithin private equity real estate, assets are typically grouped into four primary strategy categories based on investment strategy and perceived risk.
The Evolution of Infrastructure Investing

The Evolution of Infrastructure Investing
As investor focus on infrastructure continues to expand, so too has its scope, according to Goldman Sachs’ Brian Bolster and Michael Sachs, who lead the firm’s investment banking coverage effort for the sector.
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View more detailsAs investor focus on infrastructure continues to expand, so too has its scope, according to Goldman Sachs’ Brian Bolster and Michael Sachs, who lead the firm’s investment banking coverage effort for the sector.
Leaders Infrastructure Investment Views

Leaders Infrastructure Investment Views
In June, Ferguson Partners once again hosted a Roundtable Discussion with a group of senior
infrastructure leaders.
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View more detailsIn June, Ferguson Partners once again hosted a Roundtable Discussion with a group of senior
infrastructure leaders.
Alternatives

Alternatives
The Alternatives business within Goldman Sachs Asset Management is the primary center for our long term principal investing activity. The group invests in equity, credit and real estate strategies.
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View more detailsThe Alternatives business within Goldman Sachs Asset Management is the primary center for our long term principal investing activity. The group invests in equity, credit and real estate strategies.
Goldman Sachs Asset Management

Goldman Sachs Asset Management
As one of the world’s leading asset managers, our mission is to help you achieve your investment goals.
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View more detailsAs one of the world’s leading asset managers, our mission is to help you achieve your investment goals.
Matteo Botto Poala

Matteo Botto Poala
Matteo is a managing director at Goldman Sachs, working in the Infrastructure Investment Group of the Private Equity Division.
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View more detailsMatteo is a managing director at Goldman Sachs, working in the Infrastructure Investment Group of the Private Equity Division.
WHO’S LUDO?

WHO’S LUDO?
Over the last twenty years, Ludo has been actively researching the private equity industry.
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View more detailsOver the last twenty years, Ludo has been actively researching the private equity industry.